Bengaluru/29 October 2024: Deepavali is often celebrated with two essential elements: diyas and fireworks. Age is not a factor when it comes to enjoying fireworks, and everyone loves the excitement they bring. However, if this tradition involves the use of firecrackers, it is crucial to take extra care while handling them.
Most fireworks injuries during this festive season have a direct impact on the eyes, resulting in serious injuries. Every year, a large number of ocular injuries are reported, primarily caused by firecrackers. In fact, the eyes are the second most common area affected after the hands and fingers. Common culprits include sparklers, bombs, and ‘Chakra’ crackers, all of which can cause significant eye injuries.
Dr. Ravi Dorairaj, Consultant Ophthalmologist at Dr. Agarwal’s Eye Hospital in Bengaluru, said: “It’s important to note that while individuals who handle crackers are at risk, more than 50% of eye injuries occur to bystanders. Street passersby are also particularly vulnerable, as they may be exposed to ignited firecrackers. The severity of ocular injuries can range from mild irritation and corneal abrasions to serious retinal complications and open globe injuries that could lead to permanent blindness. Chemical injuries can occur due to the substances in the gunpowder mixed in the crackers, and the constant smoke can cause irritation and watering of the eyes. The fumes from firecrackers may also lead to respiratory issues, such as laryngitis. Sparklers are particularly dangerous, burning at temperatures high enough to melt gold (1,800°F), which is nearly 1,000 degrees hotter than the boiling point of water, capable of causing third-degree burns.”
“Most fireworks contain gunpowder, which causes these devices to explode. Because fireworks explosions are unpredictable, injuries can occur even if the person is careful or under supervision. Additionally, pollution levels peak during Diwali, with increases in nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide. Noise pollution also rises above permissible levels, contributing to the overall risk. Firecrackers release multiple small particles that travel at high speeds, causing mechanical damage to tissues. For those who wear contact lenses, caution is especially necessary when bursting crackers, as direct heat exposure can lead to irritation. The extent of damage to the eye from a firecracker depends on the cracker’s velocity, the intensity of the impact, chemical reactions, and thermal burns,” Dr Dorairaj added
Major ocular injuries include open globe injuries (full thickness injuries of the eye wall), closed globe injuries (without full thickness laceration), contusions (bruises around the eye), lamellar lacerations (partial thickness wounds), lacerations (full thickness injuries caused by sharp objects), penetrating injuries (with an entrance wound), and perforating injuries (with both entrance and exit wounds).
Patients with closed eye injuries are typically treated on an outpatient basis. However, those with open eye injuries, corneal and scleral tears, traumatic iridodialysis with hyphema, suspected intraocular foreign bodies, and globe ruptures will require hospitalization for further management and observation.
To promote safety during this festive season, it is essential to avoid rubbing or scratching your eyes. If irritation or a foreign body is present, flush the eyes continuously with water while holding the eyelids open. If a large particle is lodged, do not attempt to remove it; instead, keep the eyes closed and seek medical attention. In the case of chemical exposure, irrigate the eyes and under the eyelids with water for at least 30 minutes and consult an eye doctor immediately.
For children, it’s important to avoid rubbing the affected eye, as this may worsen the injury. Applying pressure should also be avoided, and over-the-counter medicines should never be used.
When celebrating Deepavali, always burst crackers in open spaces and consider wearing protective goggles. It’s crucial to keep a close watch on children, never ignore injuries, and seek medical help when needed. Keep a bucket of water and sand on hand for accidental fires, and store fireworks in a closed box out of reach of children. Avoid wearing synthetic clothing while bursting crackers and maintain a safe distance when lighting and watching firecrackers.
If you wear contact lenses, remove them before using fireworks and opt for glasses instead, as they provide better protection. Properly defuse used fireworks by soaking them in a bucket of water before disposal, and always wear sturdy slippers to prevent injuries from burnt crackers.
We have established emergency services to assist in case of eye injuries. Please contact 8310160947 if needed. Let’s make this Diwali safer, greener, and healthier.
